事件
Playwright 允许监听网页上发生的各种类型的事件,例如网络请求、子页面的创建、专用工作线程等。有几种订阅此类事件的方法,例如等待事件或添加或删除事件监听器。
Waiting for event
大多数时候,脚本需要等待特定事件发生。以下是一些典型的事件等待模式。
使用 page.expect_request(url_or_predicate, **kwargs) 等待具有指定 url 的请求:
- Sync
- Async
with page.expect_request("**/*logo*.png") as first:
page.goto("https://wikipedia.org")
print(first.value.url)
async with page.expect_request("**/*logo*.png") as first:
await page.goto("https://wikipedia.org")
first_request = await first.value
print(first_request.url)
等待弹出窗口:
- Sync
- Async
with page.expect_popup() as popup:
page.evaluate("window.open()")
popup.value.goto("https://wikipedia.org")
async with page.expect_popup() as popup:
await page.evaluate("window.open()")
child_page = await popup.value
await child_page.goto("https://wikipedia.org")
Adding/removing event listener
有时,事件在随机时间发生,而不是等待它们,需要处理它们。Playwright 支持用于订阅和取消订阅事件的传统语言机制:
- Sync
- Async
def print_request_sent(request):
print("Request sent: " + request.url)
def print_request_finished(request):
print("Request finished: " + request.url)
page.on("request", print_request_sent)
page.on("requestfinished", print_request_finished)
page.goto("https://wikipedia.org")
page.remove_listener("requestfinished", print_request_finished)
page.goto("https://www.openstreetmap.org/")
def print_request_sent(request):
print("Request sent: " + request.url)
def print_request_finished(request):
print("Request finished: " + request.url)
page.on("request", print_request_sent)
page.on("requestfinished", print_request_finished)
await page.goto("https://wikipedia.org")
page.remove_listener("requestfinished", print_request_finished)
await page.goto("https://www.openstreetmap.org/")
Adding one-off listeners
如果某个事件需要处理一次,则有一个方便的 API:
- Sync
- Async
page.once("dialog", lambda dialog: dialog.accept("2021"))
page.evaluate("prompt('Enter a number:')")
page.once("dialog", lambda dialog: dialog.accept("2021"))
await page.evaluate("prompt('Enter a number:')")